📘 심화영어독해 작년 분석 & 2026 예상문제

Question: According to Solomon in Far from the Tree, what paradox comes from both social and medical progress happening at the same time?

• ① Society is more accepting of nontraditional families, but people are becoming more isolated.
• ② As society gets more accepting, we also have more ways to fix differences through medicine.
• ③ Medical advances have made it harder for some people to get treatments for disabilities.
• ④ Social progress has fallen behind advancements in genetic engineering and prenatal screening.
• ⑤ Families with disabled children need more help from the community than before.

Excerpt:

Q: Which of the following BEST explains how this passage contributes to the song's overall message?

• ① The detailed narrative establishes a realistic setting that invites listeners into an intimate, emotional encounter, highlighting themes of grief and redemption.
• ② The direct dialogue creates tension by portraying confusion and conflict between characters, emphasizing the chaotic nature of loss.
• ③ The vague description of place and people makes the story universal and abstract, distancing the listener from specific emotions.
• ④ The use of passive voice and indirect speech conveys the narrator's detachment and inability to face the past.
• ⑤ The lighthearted tone and casual phrasing suggest a sarcastic commentary on the randomness of fate.

Q: What does the father's changing use of the metal pole show about his emotional journey over time in Sticks?

• ① He tries to keep holiday traditions alive and bring happiness to his kids with humor and creativity.
• ② The family doesn't have much money, and the father tries to make the best of it.
• ③ He changes from being emotionally closed off to trying to connect, apologize, and express himself.
• ④ His increasing reliance on the pole shows a desire to live in an imaginary world.
• ⑤ He wants to control how his kids remember their childhood.

Q: Identify which one does NOT exemplify the sublime, and explain why by referencing a specific item from the poem.

• ① "The Tyger" — emphasizing fearsome, mysterious power.
• ② "Ozymandias" — a ruined statue in the desert symbolizing the decay of once-mighty power.
• ③ "The Maldive Shark" — illustrating the deep one and grand natural imagery evoking fear and fascination.
• ④ "Learned Astronomer" — The narrator's excitement at the vastness of the universe and stars, evoking wonder and awe.
• ⑤ "This Is Just to Say" by William Carlos Williams — a brief, casual apology for eating someone else's plums.

Q: How does Gary Wright's role serve as a foil or source of irony in contrast to David's relationship with his biological brother, Ted Kaczynski, and what larger theme does this relationship highlight?

• ① Gary Wright symbolizes the failed relationship David had with Ted, emphasizing the theme of familial betrayal.
• ② Gary Wright represents the possibility of spiritual connection despite broken blood ties, highlighting themes of chosen family and healing.
• ③ Gary Wright contrasts with Ted by encouraging violence to advance social change, underscoring the theme of justified rebellion.
• ④ Gary Wright serves as a reminder of Ted's intellectual legacy, emphasizing the theme of technological progress.
• ⑤ Gary Wright's presence illustrates the futility of forgiveness, reinforcing the theme of inevitable family conflict.

Q: What is the PRIMARY rhetorical purpose of the final quote in which he reflects on his brother Ted's prescient ideas and violent actions?

• ① To excuse Ted's crimes by contextualizing them within larger societal frustrations.
• ② To defend Ted's anti-technology views as visionary and widely accepted today.
• ③ To caution against conflating legitimate critique with acts of violence.
• ④ To expose the hypocrisy of a society that ignored Ted's warnings until it was too late.
• ⑤ To express hope that Ted's intellectual legacy will be redeemed over time.

Q: According to Ezra Klein's NPC passage, why did the political right embrace the term "NPC" to describe liberals?

• ① To argue that liberals were skilled at playing video games.
• ② To show that liberals were open to difficult and controversial conversations.
• ③ To praise liberals for their loyalty to institutions.
• ④ To explain how liberals created popular internet memes.
• ⑤ To suggest that liberals acted without independent thought and simply followed group norms.

Q: Based on The Dawn of Everything, which BEST summarizes Kandiaronk's main concern about systems like private property and codified laws?

• ① They inspire innovation but require strict obedience to authority.
• ② They promote inequality by encouraging greed and undermining communal values.
• ③ They create advanced civilizations at the cost of individual identity.
• ④ They encourage healthy competition but result in social tension.
• ⑤ They prevent people from experiencing the spiritual fulfillment of nature.

"The imperfect is our paradise — Lies in flawed words and stubborn sounds."

Q: How does this choice reflect the broader thesis of Solomon's work?

• ① It conveys the idea that beauty and meaning emerge from experiences of difference, complexity, and struggle.
• ② It emphasizes the notion that imperfection is a burden society must correct through medicine and discipline.
• ③ It suggests that families in the book are ultimately unable to find peace or joy in their circumstances.
• ④ It highlights the role of artistic expression as the central solution to identity conflicts.
• ⑤ It underscores the emotional seriousness of the book by presenting a rhetorical question.

"What did I know, what did I know / of love's austere and lonely offices"

Q: How does this repetition function rhetorically?

• ① It emphasizes the speaker's regret and sense of ignorance regarding his father's sacrifices.
• ② It creates a rhythmic, almost musical effect that softens the poem's serious tone.
• ③ It reflects the speaker's anger and frustration toward his father's emotional distance.
• ④ It signals a shift from past to present tense, underscoring change over time.
• ⑤ It highlights the speaker's confusion about the concept of love in general.

Q: Which BEST captures the author's implicit assumption about decision-making in the face of sunk costs?

• ① Past investments should be honored to maintain psychological consistency.
• ② Rational choices depend on aligning current actions with (cut off — OCR: past investments).
• ③ Emotional discomfort is often a reliable indicator of the correct decision.
• ④ Abandoning commitments implies irresponsibility and short-sightedness.
• ⑤ Future utility should override emotional attachments to past decisions.

Q: From The History of the Chicken, what message does the popularity of chicken in global cuisine convey?

• ① Chickens are more nutritious than any other meat.
• ② It is the cheapest source of animal protein worldwide.
• ③ Chicken's religious symbolism influences its popularity.
• ④ Cultural traditions are disappearing due to global food trends.
• ⑤ Its adaptability has allowed it to transcend cultural boundaries.

Q: Why was Michelangelo's involvement in the Sistine Chapel ceiling project unexpected at the time?

• ① He was initially trained as a poet, not an artist.
• ② He had spent most of his career outside Europe.
• ③ He had openly criticized the Vatican's use of art.
• ④ He had never accepted papal commissions before.
• ⑤ His reputation was mainly built on his accomplishments in sculpture.

Q: What specific physical challenge did Michelangelo face during the painting process?

• ① Frequent interruptions from tourists
• ② Fragile scaffolding leading to recurring injuries
• ③ Mismatched paints that failed to stick to plaster
• ④ Poor ventilation and the decaying ceiling materials
• ⑤ Obstruction from assistants untrained in fresco work

Q: According to the passage, why do people choose to drive for the cheaper pen but not the cheaper suit?

• ① They overestimate the resale value of discounted items.
• ② They think driving for a suit is more socially acceptable.
• ③ They irrationally evaluate savings based on percentage, not actual value.
• ④ They perceive pens to be more valuable when discounted.
• ⑤ They believe suits should be bought only at premium locations.

Q: How can one BEST avoid falling into the relativity trap?

• ① By following expert shopping guides
• ② By purchasing items impulsively to save time
• ③ By evaluating benefits in absolute terms rather than relative price differences
• ④ By preferring locally-made goods to reduce confusion
• ⑤ By always comparing items across multiple stores

Q: What is the implied consequence of widespread digital behavior as described in IDIOTS?

• ① Increased literacy rates but lower comprehension
• ② Rising levels of empathy due to digital transparency
• ③ Improved multitasking with lower emotional sensitivity
• ④ Decline in meaningful human interaction and social cohesion
• ⑤ Broader access to knowledge but stronger political divisions

Q: What broader social function of euphemisms can be INFERRED?

• ① Euphemisms reduce humor and irony in language use.
• ② Euphemisms obscure reality to maintain social harmony.
• ③ Euphemisms clarify communication by replacing taboo words.
• ④ Euphemisms help standardize informal speech across cultures.
• ⑤ Euphemisms elevate formal language in institutional contexts.

Q: Which is a possible drawback of method acting?

• ① Reduced audience engagement
• ② Increased risk of forgetting lines
• ③ Overuse of humor in serious scenes
• ④ Confusion between multiple roles in the same production
• ⑤ Mental and physical distress due to prolonged immersion in character

Q: Which sentence contains a grammatical error involving participial modifiers?

• ① Drawn from real life, the emotions felt authentic.
• ② Exhausted from weeks of rehearsal, she finally took a break.
• ③ Known for their intensity, method actors often go to extremes.
• ④ Inspired by personal experience, his performance moved the audience.
• ⑤ Having studied the role intensely, the actor fully inhabited the character.

Prompt: Choose two works we studied this semester. For each, identify a specific passage/scene/moment that was rhetorically effective. Explain how it develops a central theme and analyze the author's stylistic choices.

요구 요소

• 두 작품 + 각 구절 명시
• 주제와의 연관성
• 구체적 수사/문체 기법 분석 (tone, imagery, syntax, structure)
• 기법 ↔ 작품 목적 간 명시적 연결

채점 루브릭

Prompt: Based on the passage on Affluenza, write a well-developed paragraph that (1) defines affluenza, (2) explains how wealthy vs. non-wealthy are affected, (3) includes at least two specific examples from the passage, (4) offers a realistic solution. 7~9 sentences in formal academic English.

채점 루브릭

Q: What is the BEST title for the passage "The History of the Chicken"?

• ① Why the Chicken was Domesticated
• ② How the Chicken Took Over the World
• ③ When Chickens were at their Peak of Power
• ④ Where Chickens Came From
• ⑤ Chickens and Religious Symbolism

Q: Which word is NOT right in context?

(a) fascinating … (b) sacred … (c) ubiquitous … (d) short-term impact on culture and cuisine.

• ① (a)
• ② (b)
• ③ (c)
• ④ (d)
• ⑤ all correct

Q: Which technique does the writer use to develop the passage?

• ① comparison and contrast
• ② chronological (time) order
• ③ cause and effect only
• ④ order of importance
• ⑤ spatial order

Q: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

• ① Confucius's non-violent teachings helped chopsticks become popular.
• ② The first chopsticks were likely twigs for cooking pots.
• ③ Silver chopsticks actually turn black when they touch poison.
• ④ Standing chopsticks upright in rice is offensive in Asia.
• ⑤ Chopsticks had spread to Korea and Japan by 500 AD.

Q: How does the writer emphasize the uniqueness of fingerprints?

• ① by providing statistics
• ② by listing a number of cases
• ③ by comparing it with that of DNA
• ④ by quoting the words of a biologist
• ⑤ by describing historical cases

Q: What is NOT true about fingerprints?

• ① They form before babies are born.
• ② They become smoother over the course of one's life.
• ③ They help grip and enhance touch.
• ④ Biometrics uses them for security.
• ⑤ Identical twins have different fingerprints.

Q: Why do identical twins have different fingerprints? Complete in one sentence.

Q: The term "Spoonerism" originally comes from:

• ① a linguistic theory from the 20th century
• ② a children's poem in Oxford
• ③ the name of Reverend William Archibald Spooner, who was famous for such slips of the tongue
• ④ the word "spoon," referring to how sounds "stir" together
• ⑤ a comedy sketch originally aired on BBC

Q: Choose the BEST interpretation: why are Spoonerisms especially funny?

• ① They always mock religious figures.
• ② The newly formed words, though accidental, make a strange kind of sense.
• ③ They are only funny in British English.
• ④ They are hard to recognize, making the listener work hard.
• ⑤ They reveal the speaker's hidden thoughts.

Q: Michelangelo's attitude toward the project moved from (A) to (B):

• ① serious → flexible
• ② friendly → arrogant
• ③ reluctant → enthusiastic
• ④ responsible → indifferent
• ⑤ curious → disappointed

Q: In the passage, the writer shows details by using:

• ① order of importance
• ② time order
• ③ comparison
• ④ contrast
• ⑤ problem-solution

Q: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

• ① The Lion King contains Shakespearean themes.
• ② Hamlet and Simba both struggle with the burden of responsibility.
• ③ The villains of both stories are characterized by their weakness.
• ④ Secondary characters play an important part.
• ⑤ Both fathers appear as ghosts.

Q: How does the writer introduce the topic in Science and English Idioms?

• ① by providing examples of implausible expressions
• ② by explaining the difference between science and nature
• ③ by showing how to construct an English idiom
• ④ by describing how science has been factually incorrect
• ⑤ by quoting a linguist

Q: "The reality is that (A) _____ when it comes to idioms in the English language."

• ① a picture always tells the truth
• ② explanations are not always simple
• ③ science often takes a back seat to imagery
• ④ logic is the most important aspect
• ⑤ history defines meaning

Q: Which person shows the SYMPTOM of sunk cost bias?

• ① Mary: disappointed more in 2nd than 3rd place.
• ② Jack: thinks coin will land tails after 9 heads.
• ③ Nick: overate because he had already paid for the food.
• ④ Susan: buys her kids the same gadgets as neighbors'.
• ⑤ Tom: invests in index funds for retirement.

Q: What is the BEST title?

• ① Saving Time versus Saving Money
• ② Why Making Decisions Costs Money
• ③ Coming to Grips with the Relativity Trap
• ④ How to Save Money while Shopping
• ⑤ Pen, Suit and Psychology

Q: What is the "euphemism treadmill"?

• ① similar euphemism examples between different languages
• ② the practice of using euphemisms too often
• ③ the confusion caused by euphemisms in inappropriate situations
• ④ euphemisms which evolve, over time, into taboo words themselves
• ⑤ a linguistic trend of creating new euphemisms every year

Q: Which sentence contains a dangling participle?

• ① Forming from pressure in the womb, fingerprints are completely unique.
• ② Crowing at dawn, the universal struggle between darkness and light was declared by chickens.
• ③ Covered in paint dripping from the ceiling, Michelangelo continued to work.
• ④ Once domesticated, chickens spread through trade and conquest.
• ⑤ Using chopsticks, Westerners may offend without realizing it.

Q: According to "The Age of Attention" and "The Multi-Trillion-Dollar Battle for Your Attention", which BEST captures the authors' central claim?

• ① Digital technology is neutral and depends entirely on individual willpower.
• ② Social media companies accidentally harm attention but can self-correct.
• ③ Attention is being extracted and sold as a commodity, while the "attention deficit" narrative obscures structural design choices by Big Tech.
• ④ Users have become more efficient at multitasking despite shorter attention spans.
• ⑤ Attention problems are biologically predetermined and unrelated to platform design.

Q: What is the PRIMARY rhetorical strategy used in "How Social Media Shortens Your Life"?

• ① Emotional appeal through childhood anecdotes only.
• ② Alarmist title paired with epidemiological and behavioral evidence to shift blame from individual willpower to platform design.
• ③ Balanced cost-benefit analysis of platforms.
• ④ Satire aimed exclusively at Gen Z stereotypes.
• ⑤ Philosophical dialogue with pro-tech optimists.

Q: What does the metaphor of "fracking" BEST convey about the contemporary attention economy?

• ① Technology companies are careful environmental stewards.
• ② Attention is an unlimited renewable resource.
• ③ Our cognitive capacity is being aggressively extracted in ways that cause long-term damage — like an ecologically destructive mining practice.
• ④ Users willingly trade attention for convenience, just as farmers sell mineral rights.
• ⑤ Only government regulation can restore the status quo.

Q: According to "Mr. B's AP Lang Weekly Seminar: The Playbook", what is the PRIMARY purpose of the SOAPSTone framework?

• ① To memorize vocabulary lists for the AP exam.
• ② To rank essays by popularity.
• ③ To break down any nonfiction text into its Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, and Tone so that rhetorical choices can be analyzed systematically.
• ④ To summarize plot points of a novel.
• ⑤ To translate classical Greek rhetoric into modern English.

Q: Burnett compares the "classical model" of the human mind to what early optical device?

• ① telescope
• ② microscope
• ③ camera obscura / camera
• ④ prism
• ⑤ stereograph

Q: What percentage of people surveyed said they have some kind of attention problem?

• ① about 20%
• ② about 40%
• ③ about 50%
• ④ about 75%
• ⑤ nearly 100%

Q: What is the PRIMARY rhetorical purpose of Ezra Klein's interview with D. Graham Burnett?

• ① To promote a new productivity app.
• ② To celebrate Silicon Valley's recent self-regulation.
• ③ To reframe the "attention crisis" as a historical, political, and philosophical problem rather than a personal failing.
• ④ To advocate for banning social media entirely.
• ⑤ To defend Big Tech against moral panic.

Prompt: In 3–5 sentences, explain why fingerprints are considered a reliable form of biometric identification. Use at least two specific details from the passage.

Prompt: List three specific obstacles Michelangelo faced during the Sistine Chapel project and explain briefly how each was addressed. Write in English, 4–6 sentences.

Prompt: Based on the passage, write a well-developed paragraph (7–9 sentences) comparing two pairs of characters from Hamlet and The Lion King. Explain how this comparison supports the writer's central claim that modern entertainment draws from classical literature.

Prompt: In a single paragraph (6–8 sentences), compare and contrast the Sunk Cost Bias and the Relativity Trap. Define both, give one example from each passage, and explain what mindset helps avoid both.

Prompt (교사 제공): Answer briefly in full English sentences.

1. To what early optical device does Burnett compare the "classical model" of the mind?
2. According to Davenport and Beck, attention is a "catalyst" used to trigger awareness into what?
3. In the "unholy pursuit" tests (aviator experiment), what gas were pilots gradually deprived of while trying to focus?
4. Which medical professional in a Henry James novel uses the metaphor of an "empty crystal cup" to describe attention?
5. In the 19th century, scientists moved away from seeing the mind as a "camera" and started to see the human body as being made of what "oozy" material?

Prompt: Answer each question in one sentence, citing the text.

1. What specific percentage of people surveyed said they have some attention problem?
2. The Royal Air Force tried to keep radar operators focused so they wouldn't miss seeing what kind of enemy vehicles on their screens?
3. The quantitative study of attention has resulted in a pervasive program to measure us while we sit in front of what?
4. What specific venue or industry used calibrated feedback on electronic machines to induce a "machine zone"?
5. Big Tech is conducting a successful attack on attention, armed with relentless, increasingly AI-driven what?

Q: (A): "_____, the characters of the two fathers … portray a striking similarity." (B): "probing deeper into its themes and storylines can reveal _____ with some of the greatest works."

• ① (A) In contrast (B) gaps
• ② (A) Otherwise (B) mixtures
• ③ (A) Likewise (B) connections
• ④ (A) However (B) flexibility
• ⑤ (A) Furthermore (B) contradictions

Q: How has the definition of "Spoonerism" changed in modern usage?

• ① It now applies only to religious sermons.
• ② It now refers to any amusing slip of the tongue involving mixed-up sounds, not just beginning consonants.
• ③ It is used only by linguists.
• ④ It refers only to intentional puns.
• ⑤ It has fallen out of use entirely.

Q: The idiom "mad as a hatter" originated from:

• ① Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland.
• ② A medieval drinking game.
• ③ 18th–19th century hatmakers who developed dementia from mercury exposure.
• ④ Shakespeare's Macbeth.
• ⑤ French Revolution political slogans.

Q: Where would "This is, of course, easier said than done." BEST fit?

• ① (A)
• ② (B)
• ③ (C)
• ④ (D)
• ⑤ at the very end

Q: How does the writer introduce the topic?

• ① by outlining how we make choices
• ② by describing the problems we face in life
• ③ by discussing the findings of a recent study first
• ④ by explaining absolute thought
• ⑤ by defining economics

Q: In the context of the readings, "commodified attention" most nearly means:

• ① attention spent on commodities such as groceries
• ② attention treated as a product that can be measured, bought, and sold by platforms
• ③ attention guided by religious values
• ④ shared attention in a family setting
• ⑤ attention rewarded by grades