📐 SAT Practice Test #65 복습 드릴

Agricultural economists studying precision farming adoption have found that yield improvements depend less on the sophistication of the technology deployed than on the regularity with which it is used. Farms that integrate soil sensor data into every planting decision outperform those whose engagement with the same systems remains _____, suggesting that the analytical infrastructure delivers value only when it becomes routine.

Erwin Schrödinger introduced the term “entanglement” in 1935 to describe one of quantum theory’s stranger predictions. Two particles that have once interacted may continue to behave as though _____: a measurement performed on one immediately determines what a measurement of the other will show, even when the particles are far apart.

When Claude Monet and his contemporaries first exhibited works that dissolved precise outline into loose, broken brushwork, critics dismissed the results as unfinished sketches unworthy of serious attention. Within two decades the same technique had been _____ absorbed into mainstream practice — academies that had refused Impressionist submissions were teaching its methods, and collectors who had ridiculed the style were competing for its canvases.

Cross-cultural psychologists have found that the same social-media platforms can serve different purposes in different societies. In one study, users in the United States tended to treat profile pages as tools for self-presentation, whereas users in South Korea more often used them to maintain group ties. The researchers concluded that culture does not merely affect how people use online features but _____ what those features mean.

The CEO's decision-making style is noted for its __________ during times of company crisis. Instead of rushing into decisions, she carefully analyzes all aspects of the situation, consulting with experts and considering long-term impacts.

Scientists recently discovered a new species of bird in the Amazon rainforest. It is named 'The Flame Crest' due to its bright red crest, visible from a distance. This bird is characterized by its loud, distinct call that echoes throughout the rainforest. Unfortunately, with deforestation rampant in the Amazon, the Flame Crest's habitat is under threat, which could lead to a swift decline in its numbers.​​​​​​​

The following text is from the 1908 poem “The Heart of the Tree” by Henry Cuyler Bunner:

What does he plant who plants a tree?

He plants a friend of sun and sky;

He plants the flag of breezes free;

The shaft of beauty, towering high.

He plants a home to heaven anigh;

For song and mother-croon of bird

In hushed and happy twilight heard—

The treble of heaven’s harmony

These things he plants who plants a tree.

Autonomous vehicles, or self-driving cars, hold immense potential to reshape our cities and our lives. Proponents argue that they could reduce the number of traffic accidents, alleviate congestion, and cut carbon emissions. Critics, however, worry about job losses in the transportation sector and unforeseen safety risks. As these vehicles become more prevalent, society will have to weigh the benefits against the potential drawbacks.​​​​​​​

Urbanization, the process by which rural areas transform into urban areas, has been accelerating globally over the past few decades. According to recent studies, more than half of the world’s population now lives in urban areas, a figure expected to rise to 68% by 2050. This rapid urbanization presents several challenges, including the need for sustainable infrastructure, the provision of adequate housing, and the management of urban pollution. Urban planners and policymakers are increasingly focused on developing smart cities that integrate advanced technologies to improve the quality of life for urban residents. Dr. Maria Lopez, an expert in urban development, emphasizes the importance of public participation in the planning process to ensure that urban growth is inclusive and sustainable. 

Researchers studying the effects of climate change on different regions have analyzed average annual rainfall data and agricultural productivity data over several decades. Their findings reveal significant changes in precipitation patterns and corresponding impacts on agricultural productivity. In particular, the researchers compared data from four countries to assess how rainfall patterns and agricultural productivity have shifted from 1980 to 2020. A student in an environmental science course is analyzing the changes in average annual rainfall and agricultural productivity from 1980 to 2020 across different countries. The student speculates that based on the data, the changes in rainfall and agricultural productivity are positively correlated. For example, ______.

During Japan's Edo period, art often depicted serene landscapes and nature, reflecting the cultural emphasis on harmony and beauty. Some art historians interpret these depictions as straightforward representations of daily life in Japan during this time. However, a recent survey of Edo-period art found that mythical creatures, which do not exist in real life, appear more frequently than domestic animals, which were a common part of everyday life. This observation casts doubt on the idea that ___.

The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415.

As interest in renewable energy grows, many people ask basic questions: What are solar panels, and how ______ Solar panels are devices that convert sunlight into electricity. Under favorable conditions, they can significantly reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Geodes are hollow rocks with a lining of crystals. Recent ______ mineral content seeps into rock cavities, slowly depositing crystals over time. These natural formations are prized for their beauty and the intriguing process by which they are created.

Dr. Emma Johnson of Harvard University analyzed genetic data from ancient human remains when she made a groundbreaking ______ the genetic markers found in these remains revealed previously unknown migration patterns of early human populations across the Eurasian continent.

In the early 2000s, a scientist named Dr. Alicia Barnes ______ to find a practical application for her research when her colleague Dr. Samuel Lee suggested she apply her findings on biodegradable materials to develop eco-friendly packaging. Additionally, Lee proposed marketing the product under a green-friendly brand name: EcoPack.

The Epic of Sundiata is a Malian epic poem that tells the story of Sundiata Keita, who founded the Mali Empire. By preserving cultural traditions, ______ ensuring the rich history and values of the Mali Empire endure through time.

History courses shape students' understanding of cultural heritage and societal development. As they reflected, both older and younger students reported a growing appreciation of historical context with advancing grades. Older students often emphasized pivotal events; ______ younger students predominantly recalled influential figures and moments of inspiration.

In 1963, African American activist Martin Luther King Jr. became a leader of the civil rights movement. In August of that year, he delivered the iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington. ______ in March 1965, he helped lead the Selma-to-Montgomery marches, which drew national attention to barriers preventing many African Americans from voting.

In the 1950s, Rachel Carson raised awareness about environmental issues through her writing. As a marine biologist and author, she documented the dangers of pesticides in her groundbreaking book "Silent Spring." ______ she helped launch the modern environmental movement, advocating for policies to protect nature.

By 1920, American author F. Scott Fitzgerald was famous for his novels capturing the Jazz Age. However, during the Great Depression, economic hardships made it difficult for him to sustain his writing career. _____ Fitzgerald moved to Hollywood to work as a screenwriter, seeking financial stability.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The trees and soils of the Amazon rainforest hold an estimated 150 billion metric tons of carbon or more.
• A growing tree takes carbon dioxide from the air and stores the carbon in its wood.
• When cleared trees are burned or left to decay, the carbon they held returns to the air as carbon dioxide.
• Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps heat near Earth's surface.
• The Amazon is home to about one in ten of the world's known species.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The volume of blood the heart pumps with each beat is called stroke volume.
• During exercise, working muscles need more oxygen, and the heart beats faster to deliver it.
• Over weeks of regular endurance exercise, the heart's left ventricle can fill with and eject more blood per beat.
• A heart with a larger stroke volume can meet the body's resting needs with fewer beats each minute.
• Endurance athletes often have lower resting heart rates than untrained people of the same age.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Among the Mursi of southwestern Ethiopia, a young woman's lower lip may be pierced and gradually stretched to hold a clay or wooden plate.
• Outside writers have often claimed that the size of a woman's lip-plate indicates the amount of bridewealth her family will receive.
• David Turton, an anthropologist who worked among the Mursi over several decades, has disputed that explanation.
• Turton found that for many Mursi women, the marriage arrangements and the bridewealth to be paid were settled before the lip was pierced.
• Turton reports that Mursi women asked about the practice commonly answer that it is their custom.
• Lip-plates are worn in other societies as well; among the Kayapo of Brazil, senior men wear lip discs.

Hina Aoyama's kitchen is stocked almost entirely from farms within sixty kilometers of it, and her menu changes when they do. Critics who arrive expecting rustic simplicity are usually surprised: the dashi is clarified in a centrifuge, the vegetables are cooked under vacuum. Her cooking is ______ in its sourcing and thoroughly modern in its methods.

Rania Singh's software does not simply record what is said in a meeting. It listens for commitments — someone agreeing to send a file, someone naming a date — and ______ them from the surrounding talk, so that a forty-minute conversation arrives afterward as a short list of who owes what and when.

In her recent study, ecologist Dr. Anita Goel demonstrated that planting native flora in urban areas can _______ biodiversity. Her research revealed that even small patches of native plants could significantly increase the presence of various bird species, encouraging a richer ecosystem within city limits.

Marco has held season tickets to the symphony for eleven years and can tell you which conductors he prefers. Ask him why and the answer stops at the level of impression — the sound was warmer, the tempo felt right. He would not claim to be anything more than a ______, and the distinction matters to him.

The following text is from the 1916 poem “Sea-Fever” by John Masefield:

I must go down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky,

And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by;

And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s song and the white sail’s shaking,

And a grey mist on the sea’s face, and a grey dawn breaking.

Scientists have developed a new type of nanocomposite material that significantly improves the mechanical strength and thermal stability of polymers. By integrating silica nanoparticles into a polymer matrix, researchers have created a material that exhibits enhanced tensile strength and resistance to thermal degradation. The silica nanoparticles act as reinforcement within the polymer, distributing stress more evenly and preventing the propagation of cracks. This innovation has potential applications in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, and electronics, where materials are required to withstand extreme conditions.

Text 1

Gene editing allows researchers to alter DNA sequences with a precision unavailable a decade ago, and early trials in sickle cell disease have produced durable results. Bioethicist Hannah Lee argues that the field's remaining obstacles are regulatory rather than technical: with clear rules on which edits may be attempted and in whom, she contends, the technology's benefits can be realized safely.

Text 2

Samuel Green and Maria Torres, who study stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury, describe a different situation. Their field's central disputes — where cells may be sourced, what donors must be told — were settled in guidelines two decades ago. What limits the therapy now is that transplanted cells survive poorly in injured tissue, a problem no ethical framework can resolve.

Efforts to develop efficient, biodegradable plastics have been met with varied results. While some studies demonstrate promising breakthroughs in creating plastics that decompose more quickly and safely in the environment, others highlight significant challenges, including limited scalability and high production costs. Dr. Rachel Liu and her team propose that these discrepancies stem from differences in raw materials and production methods. They observe that biodegradable plastics derived from plant-based polymers tend to perform better in lab settings but face hurdles when scaled for mass production, underscoring the need for further research and development.

Advancements in neurotechnology have led to the development of neural implants that can enhance cognitive functions and treat neurological disorders. Dr. Jonathan Carter and his team have created a next-generation neural implant capable of interfacing directly with the brain's synaptic pathways, thereby improving memory retention and processing speed. These implants integrate seamlessly with existing neural networks, allowing for a more natural and efficient interaction between human cognition and digital systems. Some researchers suggest that such integration could pave the way for a new era of human-machine symbiosis, which they refer to as the Homo Machina, combining the principles of natural selection with technological augmentation.

Thomas Newcomen's steam engine, in use from 1712, could pump water from mines but wasted most of its fuel reheating the cylinder on every stroke. James Watt's separate condenser, patented in 1769, cut that waste enough to make steam power practical outside the coalfields. Factories no longer had to sit beside fast-moving water, and within a generation manufacturing had concentrated in cities that had no rivers at all.

Efforts to boost the population of carpenter bees, essential pollinators in various ecosystems, have led to the development of artificial nests. While the initial setup and maintenance costs of these nests can be significant, the long-term ecological benefits and savings from increased pollination services are considered valuable. Recent studies comparing the potential outcomes in different countries indicate that the financial and ecological impacts can vary significantly. For example, in Japan, the implementation of artificial nests is _______.

Recent research into African burial rituals has highlighted the complex and varied nature of these practices across different cultures and regions. One study focused on the burial practices of the Yoruba people, who traditionally include elaborate ceremonies and specific grave goods to honor the deceased. Researchers observed that the ritualistic elements, such as the type of grave goods and the structure of the burial site, varied significantly between different Yoruba communities. They concluded that these differences are based on cultural elements rather than geographic and environmental factors.

Jane Eyre is a novel by Charlotte Brontë, first published in 1847. The story follows the experiences of its eponymous heroine, Jane Eyre. Jane strives for independence and self-respect. This is evident when she asserts her feelings to Mr. Rochester by saying, ______

The study of dinosaur fossils has provided paleontologists with critical insights into the prehistoric world. Recently, Dr. Laura Evans and her team uncovered a remarkably well-preserved skeleton of a previously unknown species of theropod in the Gobi Desert. This discovery, dated to the Late Cretaceous period, has unique morphological features, including unusually elongated limbs and feathers, suggesting it may have been capable of limited flight. The team utilized advanced imaging techniques to analyze the fossil, revealing detailed structures that were previously impossible to observe. These findings suggest that _______.

The lotus leaf’s self-cleaning properties inspired the creation of stain-resistant fabrics. Scientists mimicked its microscopic structure ______ fabrics that repel water and dirt, resulting in textiles with similar remarkable properties.

Clownfish and sea anemones live in symbiosis. The clownfish gets protection from predators by living among the anemone's stinging tentacles. In return, the clownfish, which benefits from the anemone's stinging tentacles, ______ the anemone and provides it with nutrients from its waste.

"Motion capture allows dancers' movements to be recorded and translated into digital animation," explained John Gaeta, the renowned ______ and innovator. Like Gaeta, many choreographers and animators today leverage motion capture technology to create visually stunning dance performances and develop innovative training methods for dancers.

Researchers Emily Smith and Robert Johnson examined how ______ In a series of studies conducted in 2023, they discovered that individuals who regularly practiced mindfulness meditation experienced significant reductions in stress and improvements in overall well-being.

Architecture embraces green roofs, which are covered with vegetation to insulate buildings, reduce stormwater runoff, and provide habitat for wildlife. Many architects incorporate ______ into their designs, recognizing the environmental and aesthetic benefits they bring to urban spaces.

Flashbulb memories are vivid and detailed recollections of emotionally charged events. Despite the passage of time, by recalling specific details, ______ They often include precise information about the context in which the event was experienced, making them unique in their clarity.

In exploring the migration patterns of monarch butterflies, scientists Jane Cataloni, Alan Brown, and Maria Garcia aimed to address three main questions. _____ do monarchs follow the same route every year? Second, what environmental factors influence their journey? Finally, how does climate change affect their migration?

Bees play a crucial role in pollinating plants. As they move from flower to flower collecting nectar, they also transfer pollen, enabling many plants to reproduce. ______ they return to the hive, where the collected nectar is converted into honey, an important food source for the colony.

Early electric cars developed in the late nineteenth century had limited battery life and slow speeds. _______ because they offered an alternative to gasoline-powered transportation, they attracted considerable public attention. Advances in battery technology and engineering during the 1990s eventually led to faster, more practical electric vehicles.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland, Australia, is the world's largest coral reef system.
• Corals obtain much of their food from algae that live inside their tissues and give the corals their color.
• When water temperatures remain unusually high, corals expel these algae, losing both their color and their main source of food.
• A bleached reef can recover if temperatures fall soon enough, but prolonged bleaching kills coral.
• Pollution and overfishing do not cause bleaching, though they can slow a reef's recovery afterward.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Cormac McCarthy's novel The Road, published in 2006, follows a father and son traveling through a ruined landscape.
• The novel won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2007.
• A reviewer for Bookforum described the novel as harrowing "no matter what your politics."
• A critic for the San Francisco Chronicle called it "gripping, frightening and, ultimately, beautiful."
• A New York Times review said the book is "illuminated by extraordinary tenderness."

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• A honeybee that finds a rich food source returns to the hive and performs a movement called the waggle dance.
• The dance consists of a straight run, during which the bee waggles her abdomen, followed by a loop back to the starting point.
• The angle of the straight run relative to vertical corresponds to the direction of the food source relative to the sun.
• The longer the straight run lasts, the farther away the food source is.
• Honeybees also release chemical signals called pheromones, which can alert the colony to danger.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The mouth contains bacteria that feed on sugars left on the teeth.
• As these bacteria break down sugar, they produce acids.
• The acids dissolve minerals in tooth enamel, the hard outer layer of a tooth.
• Saliva neutralizes acid and returns some minerals to enamel over the following hour or so.
• Each time sugar reaches the teeth, a new period of acid production begins.
• Sipping a sugary drink over an hour delivers sugar to the teeth many times; drinking the same amount at once delivers it once.

Sites like Amazon and Yelp rely on user ratings, a method that yields honest reviews by aggregating diverse opinions. Yet, according to Eric K. Clemons, these ratings can be skewed because reviewers often have pre-existing biases. High praise for items like recent novels may draw people, yet equally, adverse reactions can lead to a flood of one-star reviews.

In the 1970s, author Tom Wolfe stood out for his vocal criticism of contemporary literature's failure to tackle significant societal problems. He notably _____ the absence of serious social issues in fictional works of the time, sparking discussions in literary circles.

Philosophers who write about the good life often begin by conceding what their inquiry cannot do. Surveys can report which activities people say make them satisfied, and physiological measures can track what happens in the body while they do those things. Neither settles whether the satisfaction was worth having. That question, the philosophers argue, is not ______ by the instruments available to empirical research.

Frederick Law Olmsted, widely recognized as a pioneer of American landscape architecture, has earned a reputation that emphasizes his visionary designs for urban parks but often ______ his contributions to environmental conservation. His innovative approaches to integrating natural elements within city planning are frequently overlooked in discussions about his legacy.

The following text is adapted from Anne Bronte’s 1847 novel Agnes Grey. The narrator is Agnes, a youthful governess who departs from her family home to serve the Murray household. 

She was to make her début on the third of January, at a magnificent ball, which her mamma proposed to give to all the nobility and choice gentry of O---- and its neighbourhood for twenty miles round. Of course, she looked forward to it with the wildest impatience, and the most extravagant anticipations of delight.

The following text is from Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice. Elizabeth Bennet is staying at the Parsonage near Rosings, the estate of Lady Catherine de Bourgh.

Colonel Fitzwilliam's manners were very much admired at the Parsonage, and the ladies all felt that he must add considerably to the pleasure of their engagements at Rosings. It was some days, however, before they received any invitation thither, for while there were visitors in the house they could not be necessary; and it was not till Easter-day, almost a week after the gentlemen's arrival, that they were honoured by such an attention.

The following text is from James Joyce's 1914 story "Araby," collected in Dubliners. The narrator, a boy in Dublin, has promised to bring a gift from a bazaar to a girl he admires.

I could not call my wandering thoughts together. I had hardly any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire, seemed to me child's play, ugly monotonous child's play.

Text 1

In the early 20th century, the Bauhaus School in Germany revolutionized modern design by integrating fine arts and crafts with industrial techniques. The school's approach emphasized the unity of art, technology, and function, which led to innovations in architecture, furniture, and graphic design. Key figures such as Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe promoted the idea that design should serve society and reflect contemporary industrial culture.

Text 2

The legacy of the Bauhaus School remains influential in contemporary design education. Modern design programs often incorporate Bauhaus principles, focusing on functionality, simplicity, and the use of new materials and technologies. Despite the school's closure in 1933, its ideas have endured, with many contemporary designers and educators drawing inspiration from the Bauhaus movement's commitment to bridging the gap between art and industry.

Materials engineer Amirah Al-Fayed developed polymer-based self-healing materials. The microcapsules embedded in these polymers contain dicyclopentadiene, a healing agent particularly well-suited for quick polymerization reaction. When the material cracks, the capsules rupture, and the healing agent reacts to a catalyst distributed throughout the polymer, initiating a polymerization reaction, which, akin to a biological healing process, effectively seals the crack. Al-Fayed’s study showed that this process could restore up to 90% of the material’s original tensile strength.

This text is adapted from Elizabeth Gilbert, Stern Men.

It was boats that Ruth loved, or so she constantly said. It was Fort Niles Island that Ruth loved. It was fishing that Ruth loved. In truth, Ruth had spent time working with her father on his lobster boat, and it had never been a terrific experience. She was strong enough to do the work, but the monotony killed her. Working as a stern man meant standing in the back of the boat, hauling up traps, picking out lobsters, baiting traps and shoving them back in the water, and hauling up more traps. And more traps and more traps.

In her 1929 novel "A Room of One's Own," Virginia Woolf explores the societal boundaries placed on women and the necessity of personal space for creative freedom. Woolf argues that women have been historically confined by social expectations and economic limitations, restricting their ability to produce art and literature. She posits that, for women to write and create freely, they must be granted the independence to transcend these boundaries, writing ______

The effects of various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)—most typically escitalopram, sertraline, and fluoxetine—on depression patients have been well documented through years of clinical research and usage. Specifically, the medications’ response rates—the percentage of patients who showed improvement after taking the medication—remission rates—the percentage of patients who completely recovered from depression after taking the medication—and side effects for a given dosage range are well established. Reviewing the data, a student concludes that the primary criterion for deciding which of the three medications to prescribe should be patients’ aversion to certain side effects.

In the Philippines, Senator candidates and their parties form a coalition of twelve candidates, but the vote shares throughout the 2007, 2013, and 2016 elections show that voters are unattached to the candidates’ party affiliation, as shown in the wide gap between the candidates of the same party or coalition. Thus, party affiliation has almost no effect on a candidate’s chance of election in the Philippines. Otherwise, Philippine presidents, even those with incredibly high approval ratings, ______

In 2005, historian Dr. Emily Carter interviewed thirty former soldiers, all of whom had served in various conflicts, asking them to describe their “defining moments” in vivid detail. Carter paired excerpts from these conversations with archival footage—of both the ______ in her documentary Voices of War.

Among the sacred relics, precious liturgical implements, and luxurious curios assembled in the treasury of the church of S. Marco, Venice, ______ a well-known middle Byzantine vessel of purple-red glass embellished with bright polychrome enamel and gold paint. Measuring only 17 centimeters in height and the same in diameter, this delicate object fits in the palm of one’s hand.

American Quarterly is the official publication of the American Studies Association, the largest association of scholars, artists, curators, community organizers, and activists from around the world committed to the study and teaching of U.S. history and culture from multiple ______ perhaps the premier journal of American Studies.

Historian Robert Müller posits that the statesman Winston Churchill “thrived on crisis management,” constantly revising his strategies and speeches post-crisis. However, the contrasts between his wartime addresses and post-war reflections are stark, even by Churchill's dynamic standards; _____ some historians argue that they reflect entirely different personas.

Originally defined by physicist Richard Feynman to describe the interactions of subatomic particles, the term "quantum electrodynamics" explains how light and matter interact. The theory has been crucial in bringing a new perspective to understanding modern physics. In classical electrodynamics, electric charges create fields that affect other charges. _____ in quantum electrodynamics, particles exchange photons, mediating electromagnetic forces.

With her life-sized sculpture series The Ethereal Boundaries, Brazilian artist Marina Oliveira successfully crafted a sequence of works that evoked, as she intended, an atmosphere both "inviting and enigmatic." ______ incorporating an array of translucent materials arranged meticulously in a dimly lit gallery, her sculptures conjured an ethereal ambiance, reminiscent of an ancient temple—yet one ensconced within a futuristic metropolis.​​​​​​

In response to evolving technological demands, many organizations have adopted artificial intelligence (AI) systems to improve operational efficiency. AI can streamline routine processes, analyze large volumes of data, and support faster decision-making. ______ when the multinational technology company Innovatech deployed AI to manage customer interactions, the system generated a more personalized and engaging user experience while substantially reducing response times.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Leafcutter ants of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex cut fresh plant material and carry it underground as a substrate for the fungus they cultivate.
• The fungus they cultivate, Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, has not been found growing anywhere outside ant colonies.
• The fungus produces gongylidia, swollen nutrient-rich hyphal tips that the ants eat.
• Worker ants weed their gardens and apply antimicrobial secretions that suppress competing fungi.
• When a young queen leaves to found a new colony, she carries a pellet of fungus from her parent colony in a pocket in her mouth.
• She uses that pellet to start the new colony's fungus garden.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• During the Qing dynasty, farmers and fishermen in northeastern China made lanterns by freezing water in a bucket, removing the hollow ice shell, and setting a candle inside.
• The ice shell sheltered the flame from the wind, which made the lanterns useful for working outdoors after dark.
• Harbin held its first organized ice lantern exhibition in 1963.
• The Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival was established in 1985.
• Festival artists now carve blocks of ice cut from the Songhua River and light them from within with LEDs.
• The festival draws millions of visitors each year.

The table shows the number of apples picked by 5 workers in an orchard.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills.

Use of a calculator is permitted for all questions. A reference sheet, calculator, and these directions can be accessed throughout the test.

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.
• Figures provided are drawn to scale.
• All figures lie in a plane.
• The domain of a given function is the set of all real numbers for which is a real number.

For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem and choose the correct answer from the choices provided.

Each multiple-choice question has a single correct answer.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and enter your answer as described below.

• If you find more than one correct answer, enter only one answer.
• You can enter up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters (including the negative sign) for a negative answer.
• If your answer is a fraction that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter the decimal equivalent.
• If your answer is a decimal that doesn't fit in the provided space, enter it by truncating or rounding at the fourth digit.
• If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½), enter it as an improper fraction (7/2) or its decimal equivalent (3.5).
• Don't enter symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign.