📐 Claremont Practice Test #73 복습 드릴

Once considered a fringe habit, remote work became so ___ during the pandemic that urban planners now analyze its ripple effects on housing demand, commuting patterns, and neighborhood retail corridors. U.S. Census estimates show the share of employees working from home at least three days a week climbed from under 6 percent in 2019 to nearly 30 percent by late 2021.

In ultra-cold atom labs, physicists often adjust interactions using magnetic fields. But in a recent experiment, they quickly switched between spin states and created a crystal-like structure that appeared to ______ the usual trade-off between stability and coherence—maintaining both for much longer than current models suggest is possible in lab settings.

A team of dance historians analyzed archival footage and performer interviews about Alvin Ailey’s 1971 ballet Cry, concluding that Ailey crafted each movement to embody both anguish and triumph in the African American experience. The fact that his choreographic design to convey social protest was _____ suggests that modern dance can function as an eloquent form of political expression.

Some works of pottery may invite _____ interpretations — the Mimbres people’s black-on-white vessels, with their spiraling motifs and narrative scenes, seem to multiply perspectives as quickly as observers gather around them — and as long as a viewer’s reading is neither fanciful nor careless, it is difficult to claim the piece has been misread.

Recent research indicates that the Tsangpo Gorge, a profound canyon in Tibet, originated from tectonic forces elevating the terrain and altering a river's course, leading to significant erosion. The discovery rewrites the area's geological narrative, challenging prior beliefs that river erosion initiated the tectonic uplift seen in the Eastern Himalayas.

The following text is inspired by Throne Bellamy’s 1887 novel In the Fog. 

Under the street‑lamps of a rain‑slicked Victorian lane, Evelina waits for a carriage that may never arrive; her patience, textured by equal parts loyalty and doubt, exposes a resolve deeper than the silks that chill against her skin.

In a civilized society, the farmer seldom consumes the entire produce of his labor; he exchanges surplus for the tools and materials he needs. The power of exchange gives occasion to the division of labor, and that division, by employing many workmen, multiplies society’s total output. Yet this fruitful specialization is limited by the extent of the market: where few buyers exist, labor can subdivide no further, and production remains confined by local demand.

In Tennessee Williams’s 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire, Stanley Kowalski insists on asserting brute dominance over his wife Stella. That attitude surfaces most unmistakably when he roars, _____

Pollinators—such as bees, butterflies, and many beetles—support ecosystems in several ways. Besides transferring pollen from flower to flower, they can raise agricultural output, sustain wild-plant diversity, and even indirectly lower pest numbers by keeping plant communities healthy. To see whether different audiences value these services in the same way, researchers surveyed three groups—professional ecologists, working farmers, and members of the general public—asking each to rate how much pollinators contribute to twenty common ecosystem benefits. The ratings above show that, on average, ecologists judged pollinators to contribute less to ___

Biologist Jae Herrera suspects that in songbirds the average pitch of dawn song (measured in kilohertz) falls as canopy cover (percentage of ground shaded by tree crowns) rises. While surveying 40 forest plots, Herrera noted a trend but wants confirming evidence. She compares two plots of equal size and food supply: Maple Glade, where canopy cover is 80 percent, and Pine Meadow, where canopy cover is just 20 percent.

Market analysts propose that mobile wallets are gaining traction in small-town grocery stores chiefly because smartphones now serve as the primary Internet gateway for rural shoppers. A meta-analysis of technology diffusion, meanwhile, indicates that consumers under 30 adopt new payment tools more rapidly than older age groups, regardless of location. If the analysts’ explanation for the rural surge is sound, store-level sales data should eventually reveal _____

A nationwide phone survey reached 1,200 randomly selected registered voters and found that 62 percent support a ballot measure to fund high-speed rail. The statistical team reports a 95 percent confidence margin of ±3 percentage points, noting that the sample demographics closely match census data on age, income, and region. Using this information, analysts issued a memo about likely statewide sentiment. From the survey results, it can be inferred that _____

In Austin, Texas, outdoor markets like the Barton Creek Farmers Market—which operates every Saturday year-round—have become popular destinations for local produce and artisan goods. Meanwhile, Shayna ____ has promoted farmers markets as a way to support small agriculture, emphasizing the region’s warm climate and strong community spirit as well as their ability to reduce food miles for city residents.

In their 2025 study of deep learning methodologies at Redwood Labs in California, researcher Lucy A. Nguyen and her colleagues counted seven convolutional neural _____ to the feed-forward family, the convolutional neural network (Convolutio intellegens) is known to be powerful.

Guided by centuries of Andean tradition, chef Marisol Vega selects quinoa—a nutritious and versatile ____ prepare dishes that are both hearty and delicate.

Numerous poems of the Tang-dynasty poet Li Bai (8th century CE), including his famous Immortal in Exile, have vanished over centuries through warfare and neglect. Scholars ____ to read one of Li Bai’s longer compositions—not merely later paraphrases or citations—might instead consult Quiet Night Thoughts, a short verse preserved in several classical anthologies today.

“Hoplite,” like other three-syllable words that rhyme with only one partner (e.g., “megabyte” and “gigabyte”), ____ with “satellite” to create a rare closed rhyme.

As diverse as their fields might appear, similarities emerge between Ada Lovelace, British mathematician of the Analytical Engine ____ famed German physicist of the Prussian Academy; and Katherine Johnson, African American aerospace mathematician of NASA’s Langley Research Center.

Typically, light-colored exterior surfaces reflect far more sunlight than darker ones. The white exterior of Greece’s traditional Cycladic houses, ____ helps keep interiors far cooler during summer, whereas a dark asphalt roof absorbs heat, steeply raising indoor temperatures.

In 1945, Gabriela Mistral became the first Latin American writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, honored for her poetry rooted in Chilean culture. _____ many earned the accolade, among them Pablo Neruda in 1971, Octavio Paz in 1990, and Mario Vargas Llosa in 2010.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park is a protected natural area in northern California.
• The park contains 14,000 acres of old-growth coast redwoods.
• It was created to safeguard critical habitat for Roosevelt elk and other wildlife.
• Prairie Creek Redwoods is managed by California State Parks in cooperation with the National Park Service.
• Rangers restrict vehicle access to some trails to reduce erosion.

While compiling information for a report, a student has taken the following notes:

• The Arecibo Observatory was a large radio telescope located in Puerto Rico.
• The dish measured 305 meters across (about 1,000 feet) in diameter.
• Completed in 1963, it contributed to studies of planets, asteroids, and pulsars.
• The observatory was operated by the US National Science Foundation.
• In 2020, structural damage led to the telescope’s collapse.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• A space probe is a robotic spacecraft sent to explore outer space beyond Earth orbit.
• Over time, probes launch to study planets, moons, and distant solar regions.
• This exploration has advanced scientific knowledge over decades and often relies on gravity to assist in reaching far-flung destinations.
• Voyager 1 launched in 1977 and is now in the interstellar space region.
• New Horizons launched in 2006 and flew past Pluto in 2015. 

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The Theater of Epidaurus in the Peloponnese region of Greece is an ancient Greek amphitheater.
• It was built into a natural limestone hillside and completed in the 4th century BCE.
• The Colosseum in Rome, Italy, is an ancient Roman amphitheater.
• It was constructed on a relatively flat valley floor between 70 and 80 CE.
• Both structures were used for large public spectacles in antiquity.

Because of its consistent high winds and sparse vegetation, the landscape of the Arctic tundra is particularly ______ to erosion.

In ecosystems around the world, invasive plant species are noted for their rapid growth and adaptability. When these species are introduced to new environments, they often become ______ because of their ability to thrive and outcompete native plants, significantly altering the local biodiversity.

Because kelp forests shelter juvenile rockfish from predators, many marine biologists liken these underwater groves to coastal _____ that boost population recovery after overfishing.

Botanists classify the Venus flytrap as a carnivorous plant because its snap-shut leaves digest insects, compensating for the ____ soils of its native coastal wetlands.

The following text is an excerpt from Willa Cather’s 1913 novel O Pioneers!

The drought had broken at last, and a thin veil of green crept over the prairie.  “The fields will forgive us,” Alexandra murmured, “if we tend them with patience rather than haste.” Her brothers, eager to plow at once, traded doubtful glances but said nothing.

The following text is adapted from a 2019 profile of Kenyan marathoner Eliud Kipchoge.

Spectators the world over praise Kipchoge as a runner who appears almost immune to fatigue. Reporters marvel at the serene half-smile he maintains while setting punishing paces, and coaches cite his calm as evidence of rare mental stamina. Training partners, however, say the smile is no mystery at all: Kipchoge rehearses grueling intervals in high-altitude heat, rising before dawn and logging miles past sunset, so that on race day discomfort feels ordinary and the smile comes easily.

The first photographs taken from Earth-orbit in the 1960s are usually praised for their aesthetic power—the blue planet rising above a black horizon became an icon of environmentalism. Yet remote-sensing scholar Dr. Yuki Sato notes that these images also contain quantifiable data: coastlines, glacier boundaries, and cloud patterns recorded before continuous satellite monitoring began. According to Sato, digitizing and re-analyzing such “heritage imagery” can extend climate records by decades and reveal long-term change that modern instruments, with their shorter archives, cannot capture alone.

Kojo Mensah draws on kpanlogo—a communal drumming style from coastal Ghana—to craft immersive electronic soundscapes. Recording master drummers in open courtyards, he samples their call-and-response rhythms, layers them with synthesized bass lines, and projects the finished tracks through spatial-audio arrays at urban night-markets. By relocating a participatory village tradition into cutting-edge digital venues, Mensah invites listeners to experience ancestral percussion as an evolving, city-wide conversation.

Marine biologists tracking juvenile green turtles fitted lightweight tags to follow their first migration; while prevailing currents carried most youngsters along predictable gyres, several outliers veered into nutrient‑poor eddies, demonstrating that minor behavioral differences can override large‑scale oceanographic forces.

In most U.S. states, citizens can place a proposed law on the ballot by collecting signatures equal to a small percentage of votes cast in the last gubernatorial election. Political scientists note that signature thresholds below five percent usually result in crowded ballots, making it harder for voters to study each measure. Conversely, thresholds above ten percent produce almost no initiatives, limiting direct public input. Reformers therefore suggest setting the bar near seven percent as a compromise between access and overload.

Industry analysts track circulation to gauge a paper’s advertising strength. From the four outlets shown, the highest average weekday circulation in 2021 belonged to a paper published by ____

Toddlers’ ability to wait for a treat—the classic “marshmallow delay” test—is often linked to self-control. In a new study, researchers compared two day-care centers: Sunny Path, where children routinely practiced turn-taking games, and Oak Hollow, which emphasized free play. Average wait time at Sunny Path was nearly double that at Oak Hollow. The team concluded that practice with turn-taking, not age or family income, explains the gap.

William Shakespeare’s 1597 tragedy Romeo and Juliet presents Romeo proclaiming Juliet’s radiance above everything else; his declaration comes when he exalts, _____

A research team tested the “critical-thinking skills” of tenth-graders by timing how fast they could compose written answers to open-ended questions. The investigators did not control for typing speed: students used their own laptops, and some could keyboard far faster than others. Yet the graders scored every response by how many distinct ideas the student typed within a five-minute window, calling higher counts evidence of superior reasoning. Because physical typing speed was treated as if it were purely mental output, the study’s conclusions _____

French chemists Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie made a landmark discovery in 1880 when they identified the phenomenon of piezoelectricity in quartz crystals, yet it would be inaccurate to claim that the brothers alone harnessed the effect commercially. _____ work relied heavily on earlier precision-cut crystals produced by instrument maker Wilhelm G. Hankel, whose prototypes laid the groundwork for modern sensors and medical devices.

After Portugal implemented congestion fees on downtown driving in 2015, car trips into Lisbon’s city center fell by nearly forty _____ charges are still vulnerable to what economists dub the “rebound effect”: as residents adjusted, traffic volumes slowly began to climb again over the subsequent two years of the study.

While drafting The Comet Seekers (2016), novelist Helen Sedar Singh drew on her experience as an astronomer. The acclaimed novel is Singh’s first book-length work of fiction, but her writing _____ recognized previously: as a teenager, she won a national essay prize.

To cope with frequent flooding, embryos inside mangrove rivulus fish eggs _____ a suspended-animation state called diapause. During diapause, development halts for up to eight months—well beyond the normal lifespan of an adult rivulus.

During the 2008 exhibition Banksy Versus Bristol Museum, British street artist Banksy demonstrated how subversive imagery could transform public spaces into thought-provoking art installations. Today, Banksy _____ regarded as the most influential graffiti artist.

The term “barred spiral” describes a galaxy whose spiral arms extend from a straight, luminous bar of stars that cuts through its center. In most nearby galaxies, such bars are _____ in the Milky Way, however, a prominent stellar bar helps funnel gas toward the galactic core.

Researchers once believed that only birds could navigate by sensing Earth’s magnetic field. Recent studies, ______, suggest that certain species of sea turtles also possess this ability, using magnetoreception to find the same nesting beaches year after year.

Many microorganisms possess extraordinary abilities that allow them to persist in extreme environments. Tardigrades (water bears), _____ can survive exposure to the vacuum of space by entering a dehydrated, near-dormant state for years.

Gabriel García Márquez’s novel Love in the Time of Cholera traces the intersecting lives of Fermina Daza and Florentino Ariza, lovers separated in their youth. Fermina marries the wealthy doctor Juvenal Urbino. _____ Florentino spends decades building a shipping empire, all the while waiting for a chance to win Fermina back after she is widowed.

Marine biologist Julia Baum set out to examine how reefs recover after bleaching events. She first tagged corals in designated plots to track their growth. _____ she installed temperature loggers to monitor water conditions continuously.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Very little is documented about the life of Dolores del Río (1904-1983) during her early childhood in Durango, Mexico.
• She trained in classical dance and briefly performed on stage in Mexico City.
• Beginning in the silent-film era, she appeared in more than fifty Hollywood and Mexican movies.
• Her striking screen presence helped popularize Mexican culture around the world.
  
• In the 1942 film The Fugitive, director John Ford cast del Río as a heroic revolutionary figure.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• The Komodo dragon is a large species of lizard.
• It inhabits several Indonesian islands, including Komodo and Rinca.
• The Komodo dragon chiefly eats deer, pigs, and carrion.
• It has an average length of about ten feet.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Traditional bridge inspections require engineers to rappel under the roadway or erect scaffolding.
• Small quad-copter drones equipped with high-resolution cameras can capture detailed images of bridge supports.
• Drone-based inspections gather data in a fraction of the time.
• Using drones keeps inspectors out of dangerous positions.

The following text is adapted from Naomi Jackson’s 2014 novel The Star Side of Bird Hill. Phaedra, who is ten years old, is staying with her grandmother Hyacinth in Bird Hill, Barbados. Simone Saveur and Christopher are children from the same area.

Phaedra found herself often captivated by the sight of Christopher, his gaze a reflection of his mother's soft, sloe-eyed expression, complemented by a perpetually warm smile and lips of a gentle pink hue, which lent him a tenderness not commonly seen in youths of his years. On this day, her eyes lingered as he pressed the robust fingers of his perennially ashen hands into the depths of his pockets and stood, commanding as any young lord might, as he surveyed the land below the hill, an echo of his father's authoritative posture within the sanctity of the pulpit.

A quick glance at the 2022 upgrade of the Cryo-2 particle detector might make the instrument appear ____ —after all, the device is scarcely larger than a suitcase and contains only a single ring of sensors—but its ultra-low-temperature design allows it to spot subatomic interactions that escaped machines twenty times its size.

Radio observations from the Very Large Array reveal that a supposedly quiescent red dwarf star releases minute but persistent flares every 34 minutes; this pattern does not _____ predictions of stellar dynamo theory, yet its regularity at such low energy still surprises astrophysicists, who expected turbulence to erase periodicity at these scales.

Scientists have created a lightweight aerogel made from cellulose nanofibers. First, they disperse the plant-derived fibers in water, freeze the mixture, and sublimate the ice to leave behind an intricate, empty lattice. That porous network reflects heat yet allows light to pass, yielding a transparent solid that insulates better than Styrofoam while weighing nearly nothing. Because the raw material is abundant agricultural waste, researchers say scaling production could cut building-energy use dramatically without adding plastic pollution.

Text 1
Environmental historian Dr. Larissa Chen argues that Amazon deforestation is best understood in three successive waves: 1960-80 colonization, 1990-2010 cattle expansion, and the post-2010 soy frontier. Each wave, she claims, shows a distinct mix of economic motives, land-use patterns, and political pressures, so grouping satellite data by these periods clarifies cause-and-effect relationships.

Text 2
Geographer Marcos Silva cautions that dividing Amazon deforestation into neat waves masks overlap among drivers. According to Silva, ranching, soy, and settlement pressures often surge simultaneously within a single decade, and regional variations can outweigh chronological ones. He contends that studying the forest as a mosaic of interacting forces—rather than a series of eras—reveals more about how policies succeed or fail.

In 2017, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) made history by detecting gravitational waves from the merger of two neutron stars—a discovery that would soon reshape our understanding of both stellar alchemy and cosmic expansion. After LIGO detected the event now cataloged as GW170817, astronomers watched the two dense stars spiral together and flash across the spectrum. Spectroscopy revealed lanthanides—rare-earth elements such as neodymium and europium—erupting from the kilonova, the brief but intensely luminous explosion that follows a neutron-star collision. Such heavy-element synthesis validates decades-old predictions that only extreme stellar encounters can forge metals like gold and platinum.

The following text is from Edith Wharton’s 1905 novel The House of Mirth. The narrator is describing Mrs. Peniston’s drawing-room.

An oppressive tidiness seemed to press outward from every polished surface; cushions scarcely dented lay in rigid rows, and vases of stiff wax flowers guarded the mantel like sentries. A faint odor of lavender—pleasant in moderation—here lingered so forcibly that one wondered if it were replenished hourly. Yet the single window was kept resolutely shuttered, lest the sunlight fade the draperies that, by their very darkness, had long since forfeited any claim to brightness or display.

Geophysicists track surface heat-flow values—the rate at which Earth's internal heat escapes through the crust—to identify zones of past or present magmatic activity. Because ancient lava flows and intrusions leave residual warmth, igneous provinces typically register higher heat-flow readings than thick, water-cooled sedimentary basins, which act as insulating blankets. Yet the 2019 measurements also show that a few sedimentary regions run hotter than some celebrated igneous zones, as one can see by comparing the _____

Critics often note that in early 20th-century U.S. poetry an author’s use of African American vernacular diction reliably co-occurs with explicit themes of racial uplift (the “New Negro” ideal). Analyzing fifty Harlem Renaissance poems, scholar Dana Ford found no such pairing: some dialect lyrics mention only romance or street life, while several standard-English poems champion uplift. Ford did not dismiss the original rule; instead, she proposes that the eclectic magazine culture of Harlem—where mainstream and race papers freely republished each other’s work—blurred the expected pattern.

In Henry James’s 1881 novel The Portrait of a Lady, Isabel Archer insists on steering her own destiny. Her declaration of independence is heard most clearly when she says, _____

In Zora Neale Hurston’s 1937 novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie Crawford comes to believe that each person must discover life’s meaning for themselves. This conviction surfaces most strongly when she observes, _____

Drawing on high-precision Gaia orbits, researchers simulated the spin-axis behavior of 70 temperate exoplanets over million-year spans. Five of the planets, all lacking sizable moons, showed axial wobble no greater than Earth’s, a stability the models traced to resonant tugs from nearby planets. These results persisted after the team varied planetary mass, day length, and orbital eccentricity. The outcome challenges the long-held idea that an Earth-scale moon is the sole safeguard against climate-wrecking tilt swings, because that theory assigns the stabilizing torque exclusively to a massive satellite. From these findings, it can be concluded that _____

Prolonged exposure to high‐intensity ultraviolet radiation (for instance, from specialized industrial lamps) can degrade certain polymers, as Natalia Park and Eugene Wu demonstrated in a 2022 study of cellulose‐based composites. Researchers conducted a meta‐analysis of various studies on the effects of UV radiation on polymeric materials and noted that, in each study, key mechanical properties differed significantly between the irradiated polymers and an unexposed control group. Although, on average, cellulose‐based materials experienced more pronounced degradation than synthetic polymers, individual investigations of each material type occasionally revealed degrees of damage that exceeded the average observed for cellulose‐based composites. Therefore, the results of the meta‐analysis suggest that _____

Every spring, the Fields Medal in mathematics is awarded to a scholar who has, according to its charter, “made outstanding discoveries and opened new vistas for future ____ in 2018, for example, the committee honored Maryam Mirzakhani “for her pioneering work on the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces, through which she reshaped our understanding of moduli spaces.”

From Petipa’s clear set of rules for tutu-clad spins and toe-shoe steps—set down in Swan Lake and The Sleeping Beauty—______ a pedagogic lineage that Balanchine later re-fractured into a slick new style, yet its firm arm carriage and regal balance still quietly guide dance makers around the world.

Ocean symbioses often hinge on precise exchanges of shelter and labor that let two very different creatures thrive together. Threaded through coral labyrinths,the orange clownfish or Amphiprion percula—shielded from Heteractis magnifica’s venom by a specialized mucus coating—barters leftover food scraps and constant fanning for a citadel of stinging cells, while scarlet cleaner shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis), antennae ______ in ceremonial invitation, scours pelagic patrons of parasites, enforcing delicate ocean-wide hygiene economies.

Genetic damage within mitochondria can undermine ______ energy balance. Because these organelles possess their own circular genomes, mutations in mitochondrial DNA that disrupt oxidative phosphorylation genes reduce adenosine triphosphate production, so tissues with high metabolic demands, especially neural circuits and skeletal muscles, develop debilitating mitochondrial diseases ranging from optic neuropathies to progressive myopathies.

When a newly unearthed ichthyosaur fossil displayed bone density indicative of deep-diving physiology, paleontologists recalculated Mesozoic food-web models; ____ government policy advisers used the study to argue for expanded marine-protected zones that could shelter modern analog species.

During his successful presidential campaign in 1930, Trujillo toured the countryside with Cibaenan merengue ensembles that praised him and promised future glories. The public embraced this musical propaganda, but the elites shunned Trujillo for his crude behavior and insistence on merengue. ______ Trujillo's power forced the elites to accept merengue, imposing a rural music style onto high society against their will.

Although cartographers long mapped the Amazon’s headwaters by conjecture, LiDAR surveys revealed pre-Columbian earthworks hidden beneath dense canopy; ____ archaeologists now correlate those geoglyphs with oral traditions of sophisticated trade networks extending to Andean highlands.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Cloisonné and champlevé are enameling techniques that fuse colored glass to metal surfaces.
• In cloisonné, thin metal wires are soldered onto a base, forming little partitions (cloisons) that hold powdered glass.
• In champlevé, recesses are carved or etched directly into the metal; the vitreous paste is packed into those troughs.
• Medieval Limoges workshops often favored champlevé, whereas Ming-dynasty artisans refined cloisonné.

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• Mosaic verse is a recently coined poetic form devised by Canadian poet Sonia Di Placido.
• In the form, each line borrows at least one significant word from an existing poem, “tessellating” borrowed words into a new semantic design.
• Di Placido developed the form after studying H. D.’s imagist poetry.
• Her poem “Sea Glass Harvest” fashions its lines from scattered words in H. D.’s “Sea Garden.”
• The term “mosaic verse” alludes to the art of assembling colored fragments into a coherent picture.

• Maria Mitchell was a pioneering 19th-century American astronomer.
• On 1 October 1847, from her Nantucket observatory, she discovered the telescopic comet C/1847 T1, later dubbed “Miss Mitchell’s Comet.”
• While visiting Europe, she recorded detailed observations of the spectacular C/1858 L1 (Donati) on 5 August 1858 in Rome.
• Her comet work earned her a gold medal from the King of Denmark and election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
• Mitchell’s logbooks and correspondence are now digitized in Vassar College’s archives.

The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of .

(Figure not drawn to scale. Lines p and q are parallel.)